The physical and emotional changes experienced during and after cancer treatment can change dating and sexual relationships for single adults. Starting new relationships can be stressful for anyone, but it can be especially difficult for single adults with cancer or a history of cancer. Many single cancer survivors avoid dating because they fear being rejected. The possibility of rejection is real, but it's important to not a let a fear of rejection stop you from dating altogether. Read below to learn about talking to a date about cancer, starting new relationships, and discussing sexual intimacy.

When should I talk to a date about my cancer?

Deciding when to tell a new date about your cancer experience can be especially challenging. Some cancer survivors may feel that:

• Talking about their diagnosis and treatment is too personal to share with someone new
  
  
• Their experience may scare away a potential partner
  
  
• Not telling a date about their cancer feels dishonest or insincere

The right time to talk to a partner about cancer differs for each person. However, it may help to wait until you and your new partner have developed a mutual level of trust and caring. It is also best to tell a new partner before a relationship becomes serious. When you are ready, some of the issues you may want to discuss are:

• The possibility of recurrence
  
  
• Your ability to have children
  
  
• Whether or not your life expectancy has been shortened

Before discussing these topics, some people may find it easier to write down what you are going to say or practice with a friend. Learn more about talking with a partner.

What can I do if I’m having difficulty starting new relationships?

The following suggestions may help if you are having difficulty starting new relationships or are anxious about dating:

• Spend time with friends and family and find social activities you enjoy. These are possible ways to meet someone new.
  
  
• Try a new activity, join a club, or take a class. These activities will help you become more comfortable with how people respond to you, especially if you have physical signs of cancer such as hair loss or scars.
  
  
• Make a list of positive qualities about yourself that make you a good partner.
  
  
• If you are anxious about rejection, try to imagine being rejected and practice what you might say and how you will handle the situation.
  
  
• Don't give up if someone doesn't share your feelings. Everyone is entitled to their feelings when faced with cancer.

What concerns may I have when starting a new sexual relationship?

Cancer and cancer treatment may cause sexual side effects. These can include:

• Erectile dysfunction
  
  
• Difficulty achieving orgasm
  
  
• Vaginal dryness
  
  
• Pain during intercourse

In addition, other physical changes (such as losing a testicle, needing a colostomy or an ostomy, losing weight or hair, or having scars or skin changes) may not affect sexual function directly, but do affect the way a person feels about his or her body and physical/sexual attractiveness. Even a person whose body was not outwardly changed by cancer may feel differently about his or her body. These changes all affect self-image, self-confidence, and a person's sense of attractiveness.

It is important to talk with your doctor about any sexual or physical side effects you experience from cancer or cancer treatment. Your doctor may suggest ways to help you manage or minimize the symptoms.

How can I overcome anxiety about starting a new sexual relationship?

One of the most important steps in overcoming anxiety about beginning a sexual relationship is talking with your new partner. Communication is important for healthy sexuality in any relationship, but sexuality is private and most people find it hard to talk about sex, even with a long-term partner. Discussing sex with a new partner is difficult, but it may help alleviate some of your anxiety and lead to a greater sense of emotional intimacy and trust.

How can I talk to a new partner about sexual intimacy?

There is no "perfect time" to talk about sex, but it is best to discuss the topic with a new partner before becoming sexually intimate. Most people find that it becomes easier to talk about sexuality with practice and it may help to have several shorter conversations. As you and your partner become more comfortable discussing sexuality, you will be better able to talk openly and honestly about ongoing changes in your sexual needs and desires. The following suggestions may help you and your partner talk about sexuality.

• Decide what you want to say to your partner ahead of time and practice in front of a mirror or with a friend.
  
  
• If you have difficulty using sexual terms, practice saying the words out loud until you feel more comfortable; most sex therapists recommend using real words, rather than slang terms or euphemisms.
  
  
• Pick a time to talk to your partner when you are both relaxed and not rushed; pick a place that is private and neutral.
  
  
• Talk to your partner about positions and activities that provide the most pleasure and those that cause discomfort; agree to let your partner know if anything becomes painful so he or she doesn't need to worry about hurting you.
  
  
• Be honest about potential problems, such as erectile dysfunction or vaginal dryness, and discuss things you both can do to help minimize these problems.
  
  
• Keep in mind that sexual intimacy involves more than intercourse—experiment with other ways of giving and receiving sexual pleasure.
  
  
• Talk to your partner about physical changes to your body; you may feel less anxious if your partner knows about changes to these parts of your body before your first sexual experience together.
  
  
• Remember that a partner who truly cares about you will accept you as you are.

Finding support

If you continue to experience ongoing problems with sexual intimacy, you may want to consider a support group or help from a mental health professional. Joining a support group or contacting a cancer support organization will connect you with others who have shared your experience and can offer advice and support. In addition, talk to your doctor about any sexual problems you are experiencing and ask for a referral to a counselor or sex therapist. Counselors and sex therapists can help you address problems with communication, and emotional and sexual intimacy.

For More Information

Body Image and Sexuality

Young Adults with Cancer

Online Communities for Support

The Benefits of Counseling

Additional resources

Lance Armstrong Foundation: Dating and New Relationships