A barium enema is a type of x-ray that allows your doctor to see your colon and rectum. It is also called a colon x-ray or lower GI exam. Barium enemas can help diagnose changes to your large intestine, such as your colon and rectum.

Constipation happens when stools (feces) become less frequent, painful, or dry and difficult to pass. Constipation starts when the body absorbs more water or food moves through the bowels more slowly. It is a common symptom for people with cancer. There are treatments available to help relieve constipation and make patients more comfortable when passing stools.